- Image file formates are standardized means of organizing and storing digital images.
- Image files are composed of digital data in formats like .jpg, .gif, .bmp, .png, .tiff etc,.
- Image files are rasterized for use in computer display.
- Once rasterized, an image becomes grid of pixels.
- An image file format may store data in uncompressed, compressed, or vector formats.
.JPG image before and after compression losses
.GIF image before and after compression slight loss
.PNG image before and after compression slight loss
.BMP image before and after compression slight loss
.TIFF image before and after compression lossless image
Comparison
| BMP | GIF | JPEG | PNG | SVG | TIFF | |
| Description | Mostly used in windows plateform. | Bitmap image allows lossless comppression by reducing the image to 256 distinct colors. | Most in digital cameras for storing and transmitting photographic images. | Created to improve GIF file format removing 256 colors limit. | XML based file, which allows to create vector graphics with animation and interaction support. | Stores images losslessly and widely supported to image-manipulation for scanning, faxing, word processing etc,. |
| File Extensions | .bmp | .gif | .jpg, .jpeg, .jpe | .png | .svg, .svgz | .tiff, .tif |
| Name | Windows Bitmap. | Graphics Interchange Format. | Joint Photographic Experts Group. | Portable Network Graphics. | Scalable Vector Graphics. | Tagged Image File Format. |
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| Animation support | |
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| Transparency support | |
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| Commonly used for | Windows plateform. | Animation. | Photography. | Icons. | Scalable graphics. | Images from scanner, HD imaging. |
| Pros | Animation, transparency. | Wide support for small file size. | Lossless, transparency. | Can expand without quality loss. | Lossless. | |
| Cons | Large file size. | Limited to 256 colors. | Lossy compression. | Large file size. |
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